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            <ol class="post-toc"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-2"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#学习笔记-初识Shiro"><span class="post-toc-number">1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">学习笔记 : 初识Shiro ~</span></a><ol class="post-toc-child"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#架构解析"><span class="post-toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">架构解析</span></a><ol class="post-toc-child"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-4"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#外部结构"><span class="post-toc-number">1.1.1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">外部结构</span></a></li><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-4"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#内部结构"><span class="post-toc-number">1.1.2.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">内部结构</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#案例"><span class="post-toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">案例</span></a><ol class="post-toc-child"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-4"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#第一个Shiro程序"><span class="post-toc-number">1.2.1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">第一个Shiro程序</span></a></li><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-4"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#官方入门案例"><span class="post-toc-number">1.2.2.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">官方入门案例</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol>
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        <h1 class="post-card-title">Hi Shiro ~</h1>
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            <time class="post-time" title="2019-07-31 14:23:55" datetime="2019-07-31T14:23:55.000Z"  itemprop="datePublished">2019-07-31</time>

            


            

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            <h2 id="学习笔记-初识Shiro"><a href="#学习笔记-初识Shiro" class="headerlink" title="学习笔记 : 初识Shiro ~"></a>学习笔记 : 初识Shiro ~</h2><p><em>简介 : <code>Apache Shiro</code>是一个强大易用的Java安全框架,提供了认证、授权、加密和会话管理等功能，对于任何一个应用程序,Shiro都可以提供全面的安全管理服务</em></p>
<p><em>权限管理包括用户<code>身份认证</code>和<code>授权</code>两个部分,简称认证授权</em></p>
<ol>
<li><em>身份认证 : 为判断用户是否为合法用户的过程,最常用的身份认证方式就是系统通过核对用户输入的用户名和口令,将其与系统中存储的该用户信息相对比,继而来判断用户身份是否正确</em></li>
<li><em>授权 : 既访问权限,控制用户访问资源的权限. 主体(<code>subject</code>)进行身份认证后需要分配权限方可访问系统的资源</em></li>
</ol>
<h3 id="架构解析"><a href="#架构解析" class="headerlink" title="架构解析"></a>架构解析</h3><p><em>Shiro可以非常容易的开发出足够好的应用,其不仅可以用在JavaSE环境,也可以用在JavaEE环境. Shiro可以帮助我们完成 : 认证、授权、加密、会话管理、与Web集成、缓存等. 其基本功能点及其解析如下所示 :</em></p>
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                    <img src="/2019/07/31/Hi-Shiro/shiro-framework-api.png" alt title>
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                <div class="image-caption"></div>
            </figure>
<ul>
<li><code>Authentication</code> : 身份认证 / 登录,验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份</li>
<li><code>Authorization</code> : 授权,即权限验证,验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限. 即判断用户是否能做事情,常见的如 : 验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色,或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限</li>
<li><code>Session Manager</code> : 会话管理,即用户登录后就是一次会话,在没有退出之前,它的所有信息都在会话中. 会话可以是普通JavaSE环境的,也可以是如Web环境的</li>
<li><code>Cryptography</code> : 加密,保护数据的安全性,如密码加密存储到数据库,而不是明文存储</li>
<li><code>Web Support</code> : Web支持,可以非常容易的集成到Web环境中</li>
<li><code>Caching</code> : 缓存,比如用户登录后,其用户信息、拥有的角色 / 权限不必每次去查,这样可以提高效率</li>
<li><code>Concurrency</code> : shiro支持多线程应用的并发验证,即如在一个线程中开启另一个线程,能把权限自动传播过去</li>
<li><code>Testing</code> : 提供测试支持</li>
<li><code>Run As</code> : 允许一个用户假装为另一个用户(在他们允许的情况下)的身份进行访问</li>
<li><code>Remember Me</code> : 记住我,这个是非常常见的功能,即一次登录后,下次不用重复登录了</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="外部结构"><a href="#外部结构" class="headerlink" title="外部结构"></a>外部结构</h4><p><em>外部架构图,即从应用程序角度的来观察如何使用Shiro完成工作 :</em></p>
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                    <img src="/2019/07/31/Hi-Shiro/Shiro-外部架构图.png" alt title>
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            </figure>
<p><em>可以看到,应用代码直接交互的对象是<code>Subject</code>,也就是说Shiro的对外API核心就是Subject. 其每个API的含义如下所示 :</em></p>
<ul>
<li><code>Subject</code> : 主体,代表了当前”用户”,这个用户不一定是一个具体的人,与当前应用交互的任何东西都是Subject,如网络爬虫,机器人等,即为一个抽象概念. 所有Subject都绑定到SecurityManager,与Subject的所有交互都会委托给SecurityManager. 可以把Subject认为是一个门面,SecurityManager才是实际的执行者</li>
<li><code>SecurityManager</code> : 安全管理器,即所有与安全有关的操作都会与SecurityManager交互,且它管理着所有Subject. 可以看出它是Shiro的核心,它负责与后边介绍的其他组件进行交互,如果学习过SpringMVC,你可以把它看成<code>DispatcherServlet</code>前端控制器</li>
<li><code>Realm</code> : 域,Shiro从Realm获取安全数据(如用户、角色、权限),就是说SecurityManager要验证用户身份,那么它需要从Realm获取相应的用户进行比较以确定用户身份是否合法,也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色 / 权限进行验证用户是否能进行操作. 可以把Realm看成 DataSource,即安全数据源</li>
</ul>
<p><em>也就是说,最简单的一个Shiro应用可以基本分为以下两个步骤 :</em></p>
<ol>
<li><em>应用代码通过Subject来进行认证和授权,而Subject又将所有的互交都委托给了SecurityManager</em></li>
<li><em>我们需要给Shiro的SecurityManager注入Realm,从而让SecurityManager能得到合法的用户及其权限进行判断</em></li>
</ol>
<p><em>从以上也可以看出,Shiro不提供维护用户 / 权限,而是通过Realm让开发人员自己注入</em></p>
<h4 id="内部结构"><a href="#内部结构" class="headerlink" title="内部结构"></a>内部结构</h4><p><em>接下来我们来从Shiro内部来看下Shiro的架构,如下图所示 :</em></p>
<figure class="image-bubble">
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                    <img src="/2019/07/31/Hi-Shiro/Shiro-内部结构图.png" alt title>
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                <div class="image-caption"></div>
            </figure>
<ul>
<li><code>Subject</code> : 主体,可以看到主体可以是任何可以与应用交互的”用户”</li>
<li><code>SecurityManager</code> : 相当于SpringMVC中的<code>DispatcherServlet</code>或Struts2中的FilterDispatcher; 是Shiro的心脏. 所有具体的交互都通过SecurityManager进行控制,它管理着所有Subject、且负责进行认证和授权、及会话、缓存的管理</li>
<li><code>Authenticator</code> : 认证器,负责主体认证的,这是一个扩展点,如果用户觉得Shiro默认的不好,可以自定义实现. 其需要认证策略(Authentication Strategy),即什么情况下算用户认证通过了</li>
<li><code>Authrizer</code> : 授权器,或者访问控制器,用来决定主体是否有权限进行相应的操作,即控制着用户能访问应用中的哪些功能</li>
<li><code>Realm</code> : 可以有1个或多个Realm,可以认为是安全实体数据源,即用于获取安全实体. 可以是JDBC实现,也可以是LDAP实现,或者内存实现等,由用户提供. 注意 : Shiro不知道你的用户 / 权限存储在哪及以何种格式存储,所以我们一般在应用中都需要实现自己的Realm</li>
<li><code>SessionManager</code> : 如果写过Servlet就应该知道Session的概念,Session需要有人去管理它的生命周期,这个组件就是SessionManager,而Shiro并不仅仅可以用在Web环境,也可以用在如普通的JavaSE环境、EJB等环境. 所以Shiro就抽象了一个自己的Session来管理主体与应用之间交互的数据. 这样的话,比如我们在Web环境用,刚开始是一台Web服务器,接着又上了台EJB服务器,这时想把两台服务器的会话数据放到一个地方,这个时候就可以实现自己的分布式会话(如把数据放到Memcached服务器)</li>
<li><code>SessionDAO</code> : DAO大家都用过,数据访问对象,用于会话的CRUD,比如我们想把Session保存到数据库,那么可以实现自己的 SessionDAO,通过如JDBC写到数据库. 比如想把Session放到Memcached中,可以实现自己的Memcached SessionDAO. 另外SessionDAO中可以使用Cache进行缓存,以提高性能</li>
<li><code>CacheManager</code> : 缓存控制器,来管理如用户、角色、权限等的缓存的. 因为这些数据基本上很少去改变,放到缓存中后可以提高访问的性能</li>
<li><code>Cryptography</code> : 密码模块,Shiro提高了一些常见的加密组件用于如密码加密 / 解密</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="案例"><a href="#案例" class="headerlink" title="案例"></a>案例</h3><h4 id="第一个Shiro程序"><a href="#第一个Shiro程序" class="headerlink" title="第一个Shiro程序"></a>第一个Shiro程序</h4><p><em>接下来通过一个简单的用户身份验证程序,来感受一下Shiro的魅力吧 !</em></p>
<ol>
<li><p><em>pom.xml : Maven依赖</em></p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependencies</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>junit<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>junit<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span>4.11<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">scope</span>&gt;</span>test<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">scope</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- Shiro核心包 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.apache.shiro<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>shiro-core<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span>1.3.2<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- slf4j的接口实现 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.slf4j<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>slf4j-log4j12<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span>1.7.12<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependencies</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>log4j.properties : 日志配置信息</em></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout</span><br><span class="line">log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender</span><br><span class="line">log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout</span><br><span class="line">log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n</span><br><span class="line"># General Apache libraries</span><br><span class="line">log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN</span><br><span class="line"># Spring</span><br><span class="line">log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN</span><br><span class="line"># Default Shiro logging</span><br><span class="line">log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=TRACE</span><br><span class="line"># Disable verbose logging</span><br><span class="line">log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN</span><br><span class="line">log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>shiro.ini : 存储用户身份信息(账户=密码)</em></p>
<figure class="highlight ini"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="section">[users]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">root</span>=yubuntu0109</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>ShiroTest.java : 验证用户登录信息</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.junit.Test;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Shiro认证测试:验证用户登录信息</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">ShiroTest</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">testLogin</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//1:加载配置文件,创建SecurityManager工厂对象</span></span><br><span class="line">        Factory&lt;SecurityManager&gt; factory = <span class="keyword">new</span> IniSecurityManagerFactory(<span class="string">"classpath:shiro.ini"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//2:获得securityManager实例对象</span></span><br><span class="line">        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//3:将securityManger实例绑定到当前运行环境中,便于访问</span></span><br><span class="line">        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//4:创建当前登录的主体</span></span><br><span class="line">        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//5:绑定主体登录的身份/凭证,既账户及密码</span></span><br><span class="line">        UsernamePasswordToken token = <span class="keyword">new</span> UsernamePasswordToken(<span class="string">"root"</span>, <span class="string">"yubuntu0109"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//6:主体登录</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            currentUser.login(token);</span><br><span class="line">            System.out.println(<span class="string">"用户身份是否验证成功 :"</span> + currentUser.isAuthenticated());</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (UnknownAccountException e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            System.err.println(<span class="string">"账户信息错误 !"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (IncorrectCredentialsException e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            System.err.println(<span class="string">"密码信息错误 !"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (AuthenticationException e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            e.printStackTrace();</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//8:注销登录</span></span><br><span class="line">        currentUser.logout();</span><br><span class="line">        System.out.println(<span class="string">"身份身份是否注销成功 :"</span> + !currentUser.isAuthenticated());</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>程序运行结果如下所示 :</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// ·····</span></span><br><span class="line">用户身份是否验证成功 :<span class="keyword">true</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// ·····</span></span><br><span class="line">身份身份是否注销成功 :<span class="keyword">true</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="官方入门案例"><a href="#官方入门案例" class="headerlink" title="官方入门案例"></a>官方入门案例</h4><ol>
<li><p><em>pom.xml : Maven依赖(同上)</em></p>
</li>
<li><p><em>log4.properties : 日志配置信息(同上)</em></p>
</li>
<li><p><em>shiro.ini : 存储具有指定权限的,不同身份的用户信息</em></p>
<figure class="highlight ini"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># =============================================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Quickstart INI Realm configuration</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># For those that might not understand the references in this file, the</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># definitions are all based on the classic Mel Brooks' film "Spaceballs". ;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># =============================================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -----------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Users and their assigned roles</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Each line conforms to the format defined in the</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setUserDefinitions JavaDoc</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -----------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="section">[users]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">root</span> = secret, admin</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">guest</span> = guest, guest</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">presidentskroob</span> = <span class="number">12345</span>, president</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">darkhelmet</span> = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">lonestarr</span> = vespa, goodguy, schwartz</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -----------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Roles with assigned permissions</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Each line conforms to the format defined in the</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -----------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="section">[roles]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">admin</span> = *</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">schwartz</span> = lightsaber:*</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">goodguy</span> = winnebago:drive:eagle5</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p><em>Quickstart.java : 一个简单的入门级程序,教你如何使用Shiro的API</em></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">package</span> pers.huangyuhui;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.authc.*;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.session.Session;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.slf4j.Logger;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> *</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@since</span> 0.9 RC2</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Quickstart</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> <span class="keyword">transient</span> Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart<span class="class">.<span class="keyword">class</span>)</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// The easiest way to create a Shiro SecurityManager with configured</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// realms, users, roles and permissions is to use the simple INI config.</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// We'll do that by using a factory that can ingest a .ini file and</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// return a SecurityManager instance:</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// Use the shiro.ini file at the root of the classpath</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// (file: and url: prefixes load from files and urls respectively):</span></span><br><span class="line">        Factory&lt;SecurityManager&gt; factory = <span class="keyword">new</span> IniSecurityManagerFactory(<span class="string">"classpath:shiro.ini"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// for this simple example quickstart, make the SecurityManager</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// accessible as a JVM singleton.  Most applications wouldn't do this</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// and instead rely on their container configuration or web.xml for</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// webapps.  That is outside the scope of this simple quickstart, so</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// we'll just do the bare minimum so you can continue to get a feel</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// for things.</span></span><br><span class="line">        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// get the currently executing user:</span></span><br><span class="line">        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)</span></span><br><span class="line">        Session session = currentUser.getSession();</span><br><span class="line">        session.setAttribute(<span class="string">"someKey"</span>, <span class="string">"aValue"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        String value = (String) session.getAttribute(<span class="string">"someKey"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (value.equals(<span class="string">"aValue"</span>)) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            log.info(<span class="string">"Retrieved the correct value! ["</span> + value + <span class="string">"]"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            UsernamePasswordToken token = <span class="keyword">new</span> UsernamePasswordToken(<span class="string">"lonestarr"</span>, <span class="string">"vespa"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">            token.setRememberMe(<span class="keyword">true</span>);</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">try</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                currentUser.login(token);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (UnknownAccountException uae) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                log.info(<span class="string">"There is no user with username of "</span> + token.getPrincipal());</span><br><span class="line">            &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                log.info(<span class="string">"Password for account "</span> + token.getPrincipal() + <span class="string">" was incorrect!"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (LockedAccountException lae) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                log.info(<span class="string">"The account for username "</span> + token.getPrincipal() + <span class="string">" is locked.  "</span> +</span><br><span class="line">                        <span class="string">"Please contact your administrator to unlock it."</span>);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">// ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">catch</span> (AuthenticationException ae) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment">//unexpected condition?  error?</span></span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//say who they are:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):</span></span><br><span class="line">        log.info(<span class="string">"User ["</span> + currentUser.getPrincipal() + <span class="string">"] logged in successfully."</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//test a role:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (currentUser.hasRole(<span class="string">"schwartz"</span>)) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            log.info(<span class="string">"May the Schwartz be with you!"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            log.info(<span class="string">"Hello, mere mortal."</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//test a typed permission (not instance-level)</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (currentUser.isPermitted(<span class="string">"lightsaber:wield"</span>)) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            log.info(<span class="string">"You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely."</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            log.info(<span class="string">"Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only."</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (currentUser.isPermitted(<span class="string">"winnebago:drive:eagle5"</span>)) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            log.info(<span class="string">"You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  "</span> +</span><br><span class="line">                    <span class="string">"Here are the keys - have fun!"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; <span class="keyword">else</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            log.info(<span class="string">"Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//all done - log out!</span></span><br><span class="line">        currentUser.logout();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        System.exit(<span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
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